Which strategy focuses on exposing learners to the target structure through comprehension of input?

• A. Input processing instruction
• B. Interactional feedback
• C. Textual enhancement
• D. Task-based instruction

Answer: (A)

Exposing learners to the target structure through comprehension of input is the key idea here. Input processing instruction uses structured input activities where learners focus on understanding messages first, and the target form becomes noticeable as they process the meaning. The teacher guides attention to the form during or after the meaningful input, but the emphasis remains on extracting pattern from the input rather than explicit rule teaching, supporting implicit learning. This differs from strategies that rely on interactional feedback during conversation, text-based highlighting of forms in reading, or completing communicative tasks with less emphasis on noticing form. A typical example would be an activity where students listen to a story and answer questions that require using the target structure, followed by discussion that draws attention to how the forms express meaning.