Castaneda v. Pickard established that LEP programs must meet three criteria. Which is one of them?

• A. Based on strict bilingual classroom placement only
• B. Provided by private tutors outside of school
• C. Adequate resources and personnel only
• D. All LEP programs must be adequate based on sound educational theory, provide enough resources & personnel, and monitored by the school system

Answer: (D)

LEP program effectiveness is judged by a three-part standard from Castaneda v. Pickard under the Equal Educational Opportunities Act. The program must be designed based on sound educational theory appropriate to language development, it must provide adequate resources and trained personnel to implement it, and there must be ongoing monitoring and evaluation by the school system to ensure it works and to make adjustments as needed. The best answer is the one that includes all three components, reflecting the full standard. Choices that focus only on theory, or only on resources, or rely on outside tutoring do not meet the complete requirement.